Library

Welcome to the library. Select a topic from the alphabetical listing below just by clicking and you will be directed to reference citations from published literature..

Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus)
Aloe (Aloe vera, Aloe barbadensis)
Alpha Lipoic Acid
Arthritis
Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus)
Beta-Carotene
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)
Biotin (Coenzyme R, Vitamin H)
Boron
Boswellia (Boswellia serrata)
Brewer's Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Bromelain
Calcium
Cat's Claw (Uncaria tomentosa)
Citrus Bioflavonoids
Copper
CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q-10)
Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)
Creatine (Creatine monohydrate)
Devil's Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)
DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid)
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid)
Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium)
Flaxseed Oil
Folic Acid (Folate)
Fo-Ti (Polygonum multiflorum)
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba)
Glucosamine
Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica)
Grape Seed (Vitis vinifera)
Green Tea (Camellia sinensis)
Hawthorn (Crataegus oxycantha, C. monogyna, C. laevigata)
Inositol
Iodine
Iron
L-Carnitine
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
Magnesium
Maitake (Grifola frondosa)
Manganese
Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum, Carduus marianus)
Molybdenum
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)
N-Acetyl Cysteine
Niacin (Nicotinic acid, Vitamin B-3)
Olive leaf (Olea europaea)
Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B-5)
Phosphorus
Pine Bark (Pinus pinaster, Pinus maritima)
Potassium
Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2)
Selenium
Siberian Root (Eleutherococcus senticosus, Acanthopanax senticosus)
Silica
Thiamin (Vitamin B-1)
Vanadium
Vitamin A (Retinol)
Vitamin B-12 (Cobalamin)
Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)
Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol)
Vitamin E (Alpha tocopherol)
Vitamin K
Zinc

Notice: This information found on Advantig.net is not intended to replace professional medical advice or treatment. Our dietary supplements are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or medical condition. Our self care products are designed for your personal comfort and are not intended to replace professional medical devices. Individual results may vary. Seek the advice of a qualified professional for any lasting health concern and share with your provider any information pertaining to your health and well-being, including the use of supplemental nutrition.

Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus)

Balli F, Bertolani P, et al: High-dose bacteria-therapy for chronic non-specific diarrhea of infancy. Pediatr Med Chir; 14 (1): 13-15, 1992.

Bonzalez SN, Cardozo R, et al: Biotherapeutic role of fermented milk. Biotherapy; 8 (2): 129-34, 1994.

De Simone C, Grassi PP, et al: Adherence of specific yogurt micro-organisms to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Microbios; 55 (222): 49-57, 1988.

Elmer GW, Surawicz CM, et al: Biotherapeutic agents. A neglected modality for the treatment and prevention of selected intestinal and vaginal infections. JAMA; 275 (11): 870-76, 1996.

Gorback SL: Lactic acid bacteria and human health. Ann Med; 22 (1): 37-41, 1990.

Gregori G, de Andelis GL, et al: Use of oral bacteria therapy in childhood during acute enteritis and functional chronic diarrhea. Clinical experience. Acta Biomed Ateneo Parmense; 56 (1): 23-26, 1985.

Hilton E, Isenberg HD, et al: Ingestion of yogurt containing Lactobacillus acidophilus as prophylaxis for candidal vaginitis. Ann Intern Med; 116 (5): 353-57, 1992.

Kailasapathy K, Chin J: Survival and therapeutic potential of probiotic organisms with reference to Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium spp. Immunol Cell Biol; 78 (1): 80-88, 2000.

Michielutti F, Bertini M, et al: Clinical assessment of a new oral bacterial treatment for children with acute diarrhea. Minerva Med; 87 (11): 545-50, 1996.

Muller G, Salzer H: [Long-term experience in the therapy and prevention of unspecific vaginal discharge with a Lactobacillus vaccine]. Wien Klin Wochenschr; 95 (11): 371-74, 1983.

Reid G, Bruce AW, et al: Is there a role for lactobacilli in prevention of urogenital and intestinal infections? Clin Microbiol Rev; 3 (4): 335-44, 1990.

Reid G, et al: Implantation of Lactobacillus casei var rhamnosus into vagina. Lancet; 344: 1229, 1994.
Witsell DL, Garrett CG, et al: Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal morbidity: a prospective randomized trial. J Otolaryngol; 24 (4): 230-33, 1995.

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Aloe (Aloe vera, Aloe barbadensis)

Blumenthal M, et al, eds: The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines; 80-81, ©1998.

Fulton JE Jr: The stimulation of postdermabrasion wound healing with stabilized aloe vera gel-polyethylene oxide dressing. J Dermatol Surg Oncol; 16 (5): 460-7, 1990.

Ghannam N, et al: The antidiabetic activity of aloes: preliminary clinical and experimental observations. Horm Res; 24 (4): 288-94, 1986.

Heggers JP, et al: Experimental and clinical observations on frostbite. Ann Emerg Med; 16 (9): 1056-62, 1987.

Schmidt JM, Greenspoon JS: Aloe vera dermal wound gel is associated with a delay in wound healing. Obstet Gynecol; 78 (1): 115-7, 1991.

Syed TA, et al: Management of psoriasis with Aloe vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Trop Med Int Health; 1 (4): 505-9, 1996.

Visuthikosol V, et al: Effect of aloe vera gel to healing of burn wound: a clinical and histologic study. J Med Assoc Thai; 78 (8): 403-9, 1995.

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Alpha Lipoic Acid

Baur A, Harrer T, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid is an effective inhibitor of human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV-1) replication. Klin Wochenschr; 69 (15): 722-4, 1991.

Busse E, Zimmer G, et al: Influence of alpha-lipoic acid on intracellular glutathione in vitro and in vivo. Arzneimittelforschung; 42 (6): 829-31, 1992.

Han D, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid increases intracellular glutathione in a human T-lymphocyte Jurkat cell line. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 207 (1): 258-64, 1995.

Jacob S, et al: Enhancement of glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes by alpha-lipoic acid. Arzneimittelforschung; 45 (8): 872-4, 1995.

Jacob S, et al: Oral administration of RAC-alpha-lipoic acid modulates insulin sensitivity in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled pilot trial. Free Radic Biol Med; 27 (3-4): 309-14, 1999.

Kagan VE, et al: Recycling of vitamin E in human low density lipoprotein. J Lipid Res; 33 (3): 385-97, 1992.

Kahler K, et al: [Diabetes mellitus: a free radical-associated disease. Results of adjuvant antioxidant supplementation. Z Gesmamte Inn Med; 48 (5): 223-32, 1993.

Khanna S, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation: tissue glutathione homeostasis at rest and after exercise. J Appl Physiol; 86 (4): 1191-6, 1999.

Konrad T, Vicini P, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid treatment decreases serum lactate and pyruvate concentrations and improves glucose effectiveness in lean and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care; 22 (2): 280-7, 1999.

Kunt T, Forst T, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid reduces expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and endothelial adhesion of human monocytes after stimulation with advanced glycation end products. Clin Sci; 96 (1): 75-82, 1999.

Marangon K, et al: Comparison of the effect of alpha-lipoic acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on measures of oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med; 27 (9-10): 1114-21, 1999.

Merin JP, et al: Alpha-lipoic acid blocks HIV-1 LTR-dependent expression of hygromycin resistance in THP-1 stable transformants. FEBS Lett; 394 (1): 9-13, 1996.

Monograph: Alpha lipoic acid. Altern Med Rev; 3 (4): 308-11, 1998.
Murray MT: Encylopedia of Nutritional Supplements: the essential guide for improving your health naturally; 343-46, ©1996.

Reljanovic M, Reichel G, et al: Treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy with the antioxidant thioctic acid (alpha-lipoic acid): a two-year multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial (ALADIN II). Alpha lipoic acid in diabetic neuropathy. Free Radic Res; 31 (3): 171-9, 1999.

Shoji S, et al: Thiamine disulfide as a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (type-1) production. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 205 (1): 967-75, 1994.

Strokov IA, et al: [The efficacy of the intravenous administration of the trometamol salt of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid in diabetic neuropathy. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova; 99 (6): 18-22, 1999.

Suzuki YJ, Aggerwal BB, Packer L: Alpha-lipoic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kappa B activation in human T cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun; 189 (3): 1709-15, 1992.

Ziegler D, et al: Effects of treatment with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid on cardiac autonomic neuropathy in NIDDM patients. A 4-month randomized controlled multicenter trial (DEKAN Study). Deutsche Kardiale Autonome Neuropathie. Diabetes Care; 20 (3): 369-73, 1997.

Ziegler D, et al: Treatment of symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid. A 3-week multicentre randomized controlled trial (ALADIN Study). Diabetologia; 38 (12): 1425-33, 1995.

Ziegler D, Gries FA: Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peripheral and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes; 46 (suppl 2): S62-6, 1997.

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Arthritis

Dingle JT: The effects of NSAID on the matrix of human articular cartilages. Z Rheumatology; 58 (3): 125-9, 1999.

Kjeldsen-Kragh J: Rheumatoid arthritis treated with vegetarian diets. American J Clin Nutrition; 70 (3 suppl): 594s-600s, 1999.

Kremer JM, Bigaoutte J: Nutrient intake of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is deficient in pyridoxine, zinc, copper, and magnesium. J Rheumatology; 23 (6): 990-4, 1996.

Kremer JM, Jubiz W, et al: Fish-oil fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blinded, controlled, crossover study. Ann Internal Medicine; 106 (4): 497-503, 1987.

Lopes Vaz A: Double-blind clinical evaluation of the relative efficacy of ibuprofen and glucosamine sulfate in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee in out-patients. Curr Med Res Opin; 8 (3): 145-9, 1982.

Nenonen MT, Helve TA, Rauma AL, Hanninen OO: Uncooked, lactobacilli-rich, vegan food and rheumatoid arthritis. British J Rheumatology; 37 (3): 274-81, 1998.

Qui GX, Gao SN, Giacovelli G, Rovati L, Setnikar I: Efficacy and safety of glucosamine sulfate versus ibuprofen in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Arzneimittelforschung; 49 (5): 469-74, 1998.

Shapiro JA, Koepsell TD, Voight LF, Dugowson CE, Kestin M, Nelson JL: Diet and rheumatoid arthritis in women: a possible protective effect of fish consumption. Epidemiology; 7 (3): 256-63, 1996.

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Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus)

Chen LX, Liao JZ, Guo WQ: [Effects of Astragalus membranaceus on left ventricular function and oxygen free radical in acute myocardial infarction patients and mechanism of its cardiotonic action]. Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih; 15 (3): 141-3, 1995.

Chu DT, et al: [The in vitro potentiation of LAK cell cytotoxicity in cancer and AIDS patients induced by F3--a fractionated extract of Astragalus membranaceus]. Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih; 16 (3): 167-71, 1994.

Chu DT, et al: Fractionated extract of Astragalus membranaceus, a Chinese medicinal herb, potentiates LAK cell cytotoxicity generated by a low dose of recombinant interleukin-2. J Clin Lab Immunol; 26 (4): 183-7, l988.

Chu DT, et al: Immunotherapy with Chinese medicinal herbs. II. Reversal of cyclophosphamide-induced immune suppression by adiministration of fractionated Astragalus membranaceus in vivo. J Clin Lab Immunol; 25 (3): 125-9, 1988.

Hsu HY, et al: Oriental Materia Medica. A Concise Guide; 521-23, ©1986.

Jin C, Dai RH: [Effect of Astragalus membranaceus on erythrocyte sodium content and sodium transport in the coronary heart disease]. Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih; 11 (11): 651-3, 1991.

Li SQ, Yuan RX, Gao H: [Clinical obserbvations on the treatment of ischemic heart disease with Astragalus membranaceus]. Chung Kuo Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih; 15 (2): 77-80, 1995.

Luo HM, Dai RH, Li Y: [Nuclear cardiology study on effective ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus in treating heart failure]. Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih; 15 (12): 707-9, 1995.

Sun Y, et al: Immune restoration and/or augmentation of local graft versus host reaction by traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Cancer; 52 (1): 70-3, 1983.

Sun Y, et al: Preliminary observations on the effects of the Chinese medicinal herbs Astragalus membranaceus and Ligistrum lucidum on lymphocyte blastogenic responses. J Biol Response Mod; 2 (3): 227-37, 1983.

Wang DC: [Influence of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) polysaccharide FB on immunologic function of human periphery blood lymphocyte]. Chung Hua Chung Liu Tsa Chih; 11 (3): 180-3, 1989.

Zhao KW, Kong HY: [Effect of Astragalan on secretion of tumor necrosis factors in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells]. Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Ho Tsa Chih; 13 (5): 263-5, 1993.

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Beta-Carotene

Abril ER, et al: Beta-carotene stimulates human leukocytes to secrete a novel cytokine. J Leukoc Biol; 45 (3): 255-61, 1989.

Beno I, et al: [Precancerous conditions and carcinomas of the stomach and colorectum: blood levels of selected micronutrients]. Bratisl Lek Listy; 98 (12): 674-7, 1997.

Choi MA, Kim BS, Yu R: Serum antioxidative vitamin levels and lipid peroxidation in gastric carcinoma patients. Cancer Lett; 136 (1): 89-93, 1999.
Cook NR, et al: Beta-carotene supplementation for patients with low baseline levels and decreased risks of total and prostate carcinoma. Cancer; 86 (9): 1783-92, 1999.

Fusaro RM, Johnson JA: Hereditary polymorphic light eruption in American Indians. Photoprotection and prevention of streptococcal pyoderma and glomerulonephritis. JAMA; 244 (13): 1456-9, 1980.

Garewal HS, et al: A preliminary trial of beta-carotene in subjects infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. J Nutr; 122 (3 suppl): 728-32, 1992.

Greenberg ER, et al: A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin. The Skin Cancer Prevention Group. N Engl J Med; 232 (12): 789-95, 1990.

Hughes DA, et al: The effect of beta carotene supplementation on the immune function of blood monocytes from healthy male nonsmokers. J Lab Clin Med; 129 (3): 309-17, 1997.

Kaaks R, et al: Nutrient intake patterns and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study in Belgium. Int J Cancer; 78 (4): 415-20, 1998.

Kazi N, et al: Immunomodulatory effect of beta-carotene on T lymphocyte subsets in patients with resected colonic polyps and cancer. Nutr Cancer; 28 (2): 140-5, 1997.

Kune GA, et al: Diet, alcohol, smoking, serum beta-carotene and vitamin A in male nonmelanocytic skin cancer patients and controls. Nutr Cancer; 18 (3): 237-44, 1992.

Mathews-Roth MM, et al: Beta carotene therapy for erythropoietic protoporphyria and other photosensitivity diseases. Arch Dermatol; 113 (9): 1229-32, 1977.

Mathews-Roth MM: Carotenoids in erythreopoietic protoporphyria and other photosensitivity diseases. Ann NY Acad Sci; 691: 127-38, 1993.

Mathews-Roth MM: Photoprotection by carotenoids. Fed Proc; 46 (5): 1890-3, 1987.

Omenn GS, et al: Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med; 334 (18): 1150-5, 1996.

Omenn GS, et al: Risk factors for lung cancer and for intervention effects in CARET, the Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst; 88 (21): 1550-9, 1996.

Patrick L: Nutrients and HIV: part one--beta carotene and selenium. Altern Med Rev; 4 (6): 403-13, 1999.

Stahelin HB, et al: Beta-carotene and cancer prevention: the Basel study. Am J Clin Nutr; 53 (1 suppl): 265s-269s, 1991.

The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. N Engl J Med; 330 (15): 1029-35, 1994.

Wiskemann A: [Light protection and increase of UV tolerance]. Z Hautkr; 59 (21): 1454-62, 1984.

Ysubono Y, et al: Plasma antioxidant vitamins and carotenoids in five Japanese populations with varied mortality from gastric cancer. Nutr Cancer; 34 (1): 56-61, 1999.

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Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)

Boniface R, Robert A M: Influence of anthocyanisides on human connective tissue metabolism. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde; 209 (6): 368-372, 1996.

Laplaud PM, Lelurbre A, Chapman MJ: Antioxidant action of Vaccinium myrtillus extract on human low density lipoproteins in vitro: meidal observations. Fundam Clin Pharmacol; 11(1): 35-40, 1997.

Murray M: The Healing Power of Herbs: The Enlightened Person's Guide to the Wonders of Medicinal Plants. Rev and expanded 2nd ed. 50-57.

Scharrer A, Ober M: Anthocyanisides in the treatment of retinopathies. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde; 178 (5): 386-389, 1981.

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Biotin (Coenzyme R, Vitamin H)

Erlichman M, Goldstein R, et al: Infantile flexural seborrhoeic dermatitis. Neither biotin nor essential fatty acid deficiency. Arch Dis Child; 56 (7): 560-62, 1981.

Floersheim GL: Treatment of brittle fingernails with biotin. Z Hautkr; 64 (1): 41-48, 1989.

Furukawa Y: [Enhancement of glucose-induced insulin secretion and modification of glucose metabolism by biotin]. Nippon Rinsho; 57 (10): 2261-69, 1999.

Hochman LG, Scher RK, et al: Brittle nails: response to daily biotin supplementation. Cutis; 51 (4): 303-05, 1993.

Keipert JA: Oral use of biotin in seborrhoeic dermatitis of infancy: a controlled trial. Med J Aust; 1 (16): 584-85, 1976.

Koutsikos D, Fourtounas C, et al: Oral glucose tolerance test after high-dose i.v. biotin administration in normoglucemic hemodialysis patients. Ren Fail; 18 (1): 131-37, 1996.

Messaritakis J, Kattamis C, et al: Generalized seborrhoeic dermatitis. Clinical and therapeutic data of 25 patients. Arch Dis Child; 50 (11): 871-74, 1975.

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Boron

Helliwell TR, et al: Elemental analysis of femoral bone from patients with fractured neck of femur or osteoarthrosis. Bone; 18 (2): 151-7, 1996.

McCoy H, et al: Relation of boron to the composition and mechanical properties of bone. Environ Health Perspect; 102 (Suppl 7): 49-53, 1994.

Naghii MR, Samman S: The role of boron in nutrition and metabolism. Prog Food Nutr Sci; 17 (4): 331-49, 1993.

Naghii MR: The significance of dietary boron, with particular reference to athletes. Nutr Health; 13 (1): 31-7, 1999.

Newnham RE: Agricultural practices affect arthritis. Nutr Health; 7 (2): 89-100, 1991.

Newnham RE: Essentiality of boron for healthy bones and joints. Environ Health Perspect; 102 (Suppl 7): 83-5, 1994.

Nielsen FH, et al: Effect of dietary boron on mineral, estrogen, and testosterone metabolism in postmenopausal women. FASEB J; 1 (5): 394-7, 1987.

Nielsen FH: New essential trace elements for the life sciences. Biol Trace Elem Res; 26-27: 599-611, 1990.

Nielsen FH: Studies on the relationship between boron and magnesium which possibly affects the formation and maintenance of bones. Magnes Trace Elem; 9 (2): 61-9, 1990.

Nielsen FH: The justification for providing dietary guidance for the nutritional intake of boron. Biol Trace Elem Res; 66 (1-3): 319-30, 1998.

Penland JG: Dietary boron, brain function, and cognitive performance. Environ Health Perspect; 102 (Suppl 7): 65-72, 1994.

Penland JG: The importance of boron nutrition for brain and psychological function. Biol Trace Elem Res; 66 (1-3): 299-317, 1998.
Rainey CJ, et al: J Am Diet Assoc; 99 (3): 335-40, 1999.

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Boswellia (Boswellia serrata)


Ammon HP, et al: Inhibition of leukotriene B4 formation in rat peritoneal neutrophils by an ethanolic extract of the gum resin exudate of Bosewellia serrata. Planta Med; 57 (3): 203-7, 1991.


Ammon HP, et al: Mechanism of antiinflammatory actions of curcumine and boswellic acids. J Ethnopharmacol; 38 (2-3): 113-9, 1993.


Foster S: Better Nutrition's 1999 Herb Guide. Better Nutrition; 61 (4): 70-77, 1999.


Gupta I, et al: Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with bronchial asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical study. Eur J Med Res; 13 (11): 511-4, 1998.


Gupta I, et al: Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients with ulcerative colitis. Eur J Med Res; 2 (1): 37-43, 1997.


Monograph: Boswellia serrata. Altern Med Rev; 3 (4): 306-7, 1998.


Safayhi H, et al: Concentration-dependent potentiating and inhibitory effects of Boswellia extracts on 5-lipoxygenase product formation in stimulated PMNL. Planta Med; 66 (2): 110-3, 2000.


Sander O, et al: [Is H15 (resin extract of Boswellia serrata, "incense") a useful supplement to established drug therapy of chronic polyarthritis? Results of a double-blind pilot study]. Z Rheumatol; 57 (1): 11-16, 1998.


Singh GB, Atal CK: Pharmacology of an extract of salai guggal ex-Boswellia serrata, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Agents Actions; 18 (3-4): 407-12, 1986.


Zucker M: Boswellia: an ancient herb combats arthritis. Natural Way for Better Health; p.60-61, 7/31/1995.

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Brewer's Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Anderson RA, et al: Elevated intakes of supplemental chromium improve glucose and insulin variables in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes; 46 (11): 1786-91, 1997.

Anderson RA: Chromium, glucose tolerance and diabetes. J Am Coll Nutr; 17 (6): 548-55, 1998.

Blumenthal M, et al (eds.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. 1st ed: 234, ©1998 American Botanical Council.

De Abreu J, Millan N: Effect of addition of brewer's yeast to soy protein and casein on plasma cholesterol levels of rabbits. Arch Latinoam Nutr; 44 (1): 18-22, 1994.

Offenbacher EG, Pi-Sunyer FX: Beneficial effect of chromium-rich yeast on glucose tolerance and blood lipids in elderly subjects. Diabetes,; 29 (11): 919-25, 1980.

Weber G, et al: [Treatment of acne with a yeast preparation]. Fortschr Med; 107 (26): 563-6, 1989.

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Bromelain

Blumenthal M, et al (eds.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. 1st ed: 94-5, American Botanical Council, ©1998.

Bromelain and musculoskeletal injuries. J Amer Holistic Veterinary Med Assoc; 16 (3): 29, 1997.

Cichoke AJ: Fighting sports injuries with enzymes. Nutrition Sci News; 1 (5): 42,44, 1996.

Eckert K, et al: Effects of oral bromelain administration on the impaired immunocytotoxicity of mononuclear cells from mammary tumor patients. Oncol Rep; 6 (6): 1191-9, 1999.

Felton GE: Fibrinolytic and antithrombotic action of bromelain may eliminate thrombosis in heart patients. Med Hypotheses; 6 (11): 1123-33, 1980.

Kelly GS: Bromelain: a literature review and discussion of its therapeutic applications. Alt Med Rev; 1 (4): 243-57, 1996.

Klein G, Kullich W: [Reducing pain by oral enzyme therapy in rheumatic diseases]. Wien Med Wochenschr; 149 (21-22): 577-80, 1999.

Masson M: [Bromelain in blunt injuries of the locomotor system. A study of observed applications in general practice]. Fortschr Med; 113 (19): 303-6, 1995.

Metzig C, et al: Bromelain proteases reduce human platelet aggregation in vitro, adhesion to bovine endothelial cells and thrombus formation in rat vessels in vivo. In Vivo; 13 (1): 7-12, 1999.

Taussig SJ, Batkin S: Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol; 22: 191-203, 1988.

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Calcium


Bendich A, Leader S, Muhuri P: Supplemental calcium for the prevention of hip fracture: potential health-economic benefits. Clin Ther; 21 (6): 1058-72, 1999.

Bostick RM, Fosdick L, et al: Calcium and colorectal epithelial cell proliferation in sporadic adenoma patients: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst; 87 (17): 1307-15, 1995.

Guidelines boost calcium requirements. Harvard Health Letter; 22 (12): 7, 1997.

Holt PR, Atillasoy EO, et al: Modulation of abnormal colonic epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation by low-fat dairy foods: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA; 280 (12): 1074-9, 1998.

Holt PR: Dairy foods and prevention of colon cancer: human studies. J Am Coll Nutr; 18 (5 suppl): 379s-391s, 1999.

Martinez ME, Willet WC: Calcium, vitamin D, and colorectal cancer: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 7 (2): 163-8, 1998.

McCarron DA: Role of adequate dietary calcium intake in the prevention and management of salt-sensitive hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr 65 (2 suppl): 712s-716s, 1997.

Meunier P: Prevention of hip fractures by correcting calcium and vitamin D insufficiencies in elderly people. Scand J Rheumatol Suppl; 103: 75-78, 1996.

Murray Michael T: Enyclopedia of nutritional supplements: the essential guide for improving your health naturally. 149-158.

National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases: Osteoporosis: progress and promise.

Optimal calcium intake. NIH Consenus Statement Online; 12 (4): 1-31, 1994.

Prichard RS, Baron JA, Gerhardsson de Verdier M: Dietary calcium, vitamin D, and the risk of colorectal cancer in Stockholm, Sweden. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 5 (11): 897-900, 1996.

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Cat's Claw (Uncaria tomentosa)

Aquino, R., et al: Plant metabolites. New compounds and anti-inflammatory activity of Uncaria tomentosa. Journal of Natural Products; 54 (2): 453-59, 1991.

Cerri, R. et al: New Quinovic Acid Glycosides from Uncaria tomentosa. Journal of Natural Products; 51: 257-61, 1988.

Reinhard, K.-H.: Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) D.C.: cat's claw, una de gato, or saventaro. J Altern Complement Med; 5 (2): 143-51, 1999.

Santa Maria A, et al: Evaluation of the toxicity of Uncaria tomentosa by bioassays in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol; 57 (3): 183-87, 1997.

Senatore, A, et al: Phytochemical and biological study of Uncaria tomentosa. Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper; 65 (6): 517-20. 1989.

Sheng Y, et al: Enhanced DNA repair, immune function and reduced toxicity of C-MED-100, a novel aqueous extract from Uncaria tomentosa. J Ethnopharmacol; 69 (2): 115-26, 2000.

Wagner, H, et al: Planta Medica; 51: 419-23, 1985.

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Citrus Bioflavonoids

Ameer B, Weintraub RA: Drug interactions with grapefruit juice. Clin Pharmacokinet; 33 (2): 103-21, 1997.

Bear WL, Teel RW: Effects of citrus flavonoids on the mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines and on cytochrome P450 1A2 activity. Anticancer Res; 20 (5B): 3609-14, 2000.

Berkarda B, et al: Inhibitory effect of hesperidin on tumour initiation and promotion in mouse skin. Res Exp Med (Berl); 198 (2): 93-9, 1998.

Bok SH, et al: Plasma and hepatic cholesterol and hepatic activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase and acyl CoA: cholesterol transferase are lower in rats fed citrus peel extract or a mixture of citrus bioflavonoids. J Nutr; 129 (6): 1182-5, 1999.

Chen YT, et al: Flavonoids as superoxide scavengers and antioxidants. Free Radic Biol Med; 9 (1): 19-21, 1990.

Galati EM, et al: Biological effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid. (Note I): antiinflammatory and analgesic activity. Farmaco; 40 (11): 709-12, 1994.

Ginberg LN, et al: Protective effects of rutin against hemoglobin oxidation. Biochem Pharmacol; 48 (4): 643-9, 1994.

Koyuncu H, et al: Preventive effect of hesperidin against inflammation in CD-1 mouse skin caused by tumor promoter. Anticancer Res; 19 (4B): 3237-41, 1999.

La Casa C, et al: Evidence for protective and antioxidant properties of rutin, a natural flavone, against ethanol induced gastric lesions. J Ethnopharmacol; 71 (1-2): 45-53, 2000.

Lee YS, et al: Grapefruit juice and its flavonoids inhibit 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Clin Pharmacol Ther; 59 (1): 62-71, 1996.

Martin MJ, et al: Antiulcer effect of naringin on gastric lesions induced by ethanol in rats. Pharmacology; 49 (3): 144-50, 1994.

Miyake Y, et al: Protective effects of lemon bioflavonoids on oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Lipids; 33 (7): 689-95, 1998.

Murray MT: Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements; p. 330, 1996.

Negre-Salvayre A, et al: Additional antilipoperoxidant activities of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on membrane-like systems are potentiated by rutin. Pharmacology; 42 (5): 262-72, 1991.

Ortolani O, et al: Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine and rutin on the lipid peroxidation of the lung epithelium during the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Shock; 13 (1): 14-8, 2000.

Parmar NS: The gastric anti-ulcer activity of naringenin, a specific histidine decarboxylase inhibitor. Int J Tissue React; 5 (4): 415-20, 1983.

Russo A, et al; Bioflavonoids as antiradicals, antioxidants ans DNA cleavage protectors. Cell Biol Toxicol; 16 (2): 91-8, 2000.

Shin YW, et al: Hypocholesterolemic effect of naringin associated with hepatic cholesterol regulating enzyme changes in rats. Int J Vitam Nutr Res; 69 (5): 341-7, 1999.

So FV, et al: Inhibition of human breast cancer cell proliferation and delay of mammary tumorigenesis by flavonoids and citrus juices. Nutr Cancer; 26 (2): 167-81, 1996.

Wacker A, Eilmes HG: [Antiviral activity of plant components. 1st communication: Flavonoids]. Arzneimittelforschung; 28 (3): 347-50, 1978.

Webster RP, et al: Protective effect of rutin, a flavonol glycoside, on the carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair enzymes in rats. Cancer Lett; 109 (1-2): 185-91, 1996.

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Copper

Bialkowska M, et al: Hair zinc and copper concentration in survivors of myocardial infarction. Ann Nutr Metab; 31 (5): 327-32, 1987.
Davydenko NV, et al: [The relationship between the copper and zinc intake with food and the prevalence of ischemic heart disease and its risk factors]. Lik Sprava; 5-6: 73-7, 1995.

Famaey JP: Free radicals and activated oxygen. Eur J Rheumatol Inflamm; 5 (4): 350-9, 1982.

Gyorffry EJ, Chan H: Copper deficiency and microcytic anemia resulting from prolonged ingestion of over-the-counter zinc. Am J Gastroenterol; 87 (8): 1054-5, 1992.

Hoffman HN II, et al: Zinc-induced copper deficiency. Gastroenterology; 94 (2): 508-12, 1988.

Klevay LM: Cardiovascular disease from copper deficiency--a history. J Nutr; 130 (2s Suppl): 489s-492s, 2000.

Klevay LM: Lack of a recommended dietary allowance for copper may be hazardous to your health. J Am Coll Nutr; 17 (4): 322-6, 1998.

Kremer JM, Bigaouette J: Nutrient intake of patients with rheumatoid arthritis is deficient in pyridoxine, zinc, copper, and magnesium. J Rheumatol; 23 (6): 990-4, 1996.

Lindvall S, Rydell G: Influence of various compounds on the degradation of hyaluronic acid by a myeloperoxidase system. Chem Biol Interact; 90 (1): 1-12, 1994.

Miche H, et al: Copper (II) interactions with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. II. Anthranilic acid as a potential OH-inactivating ligand. J Inorg Biochem; 68 (1): 27-38, 1997.

Miesel R, Zuber M: Copper-dependent antioxidase defenses in inflammatory and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Inflammation; 17 (3): 283-94, 1993.

Milanino R, et al: Copper and inflammation--a possible rationale for the pharmacological manipulation of inflammatory disorders. Agents Actions; 16 (6): 504-13, 1985.

Reunanen A, et al: Serum calcium, magnesium, and zinc and risk of cardiovascular death. Eur J Clin Nutr; 50 (7): 431-7, 1996.

Russo C, et al: Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in patients with essential hypertension. J Hypertens; 16 (9): 1267-71, 1998.

Saari JT, Schuschke DA: Cardiovascular effects of dietary copper deficiency. Biofactors; 10 (4): 359-75, 1999.

Saltman PD, Strause LG: The role of trace minerals in osteoporosis. J Am Coll Nutr; 12 (4): 384-9, 1993.

Schmidt H, et al: [The skeletal changes in premature infants with a copper deficiency]. Rof Fortschr Geb Rontgensrt Neuen Bildgeb Verfahr; 155 (1): 38-42, 1991.

Simon SR, et al: Copper deficiency and sideroblastic anemia associated with zinc ingestion. Am J Hematol; 28 (3): 181-3, 1988.

Williams DM: Copper deficiency in humans. Semin Hematol; 20 (2): 118-28, 1983.

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CoQ10 (Coenzyme Q-10)

Lieberman S, Bruning N: The Real Vitamin and Mineral Book

Mortensen SA, Vadhanaviit S, Muratsu K, Folkers k: Coenzme Q10: clinical benefits with biochemical correlates suggesting a scientific breakthrough in the management of chronic heart failure. Int J. Tissue React, 12(3): 155-162, 1990.

Murray M: Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements: the essential guide for improving your health naturally.

Neuzil J, Witting PK, Stocker R: Alpha tocopheryl hydroquinone is an efficient multifunctional inhibitor of radical-initiated oxidation of low density lipoprotein lipids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94(15): 7885-90, 1997.

Soja AM, Mortensen SA: Treatment of chronic cardiac insufficiency with coenzyme Q10, results of meta-analysis in controlled clinical trials. Ugeskr Laeger, 159(49): 7302-8, 1997.

Soja AM, Mortensen SA: Treatment of congestive heart failure with coenzyme Q10 illuminated by meta-analyses of clinical trials. Mol Aspects Med, 18: S159-68, 1997.

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Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon)

Avorn J, et al: Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria after ingestion of cranberry juice. JAMA; 271 (10): 751-4, 1994.

Fleet JC: New support for a folk remedy: cranberry juice reduces bacteriuria and pyuria in elderly women. Nutr Rev; 52 (5): 168-70, 1994.

Foxman B, et al: First-time urinary tract infection and sexual behavior. Epidemiology; 6 (12): 162-8, 1995.

Kinney AB, Blount M: Effect of cranberry juice on urinary pH. Nurs Res; 28 (5): 287-90, 1979.

Schmidt DR, Sobota AE: An examination of the anti-adherence activity of cranberry juice on urinary and nonurinary bacterial isolates. Microbios; 55 (224-225): 173-81, 1988.

Simpson GM, Khajawall AM: Urinary acidifiers in phencyclidine detoxification. Hillside J Clin Psychiatry; 5 (2): 161-8, 1983.

Sobota AE: Inhibition of bacterial adherence by cranberry juice: potential use for the treatment of urinary tract infections. J Urol; 131 (5): 1013-6, 1984.

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Creatine (Creatine monohydrate)

Barnett C, et al: Effects of oral creatine supplementation on multiple sprint cycle performance. Aust J Sci Med Sport; 28 (1): 35-9, 1996.

Becque MD, et al: Effects of oral creatine supplementation on muscular strength and body composition. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 32 (3): 654-8, 2000.
Bosco C, et al: Effect of oral creatine supplementation on jumping and running performance. Int J Sports Med; 18 (5): 369-72, 1997.

Burke LM, et al: Effect of oral creatine supplementation on single-effort sprint performance in elite swimmers. Int J Sport Nutr; 6 (3): 222-33, 1996.

Casey A, et al: Creatine ingestion favorably affects performance and muscle metabolism during maximal exercise in humans. Am J Physiol; 271 (1 Pt 1): E31-7, 1996.

Febbraio MA, et al: Effect of creatine supplementation on intramuscular TCr, metabolism and performance during intermittent, supramaximal exercise in humans. Acta Physiol Scand; 155 (4): 387-95, 1995.

Grindstaff PD, et al: Effects of creatine supplementation on repetitive sprint performance and body composition in competitive swimmers. Int J Sport Nutr; 7 (4): 330-46, 1997.

Jacobs I, et al: Creatine ingestion increases anaerobic capacity and maximum accumulated oxygen deficit. Can J Appl Physiol; 22 (3): 231-43, 1997.

Javierre C, et al: Creatine supplementation does not improve physical performance in a 150 m race. Rev Esp Fisiol; 53 (4): 343-8, 1997.

Jones AM, et al: Oral creatine supplementation improves multiple sprint performance in elite ice-hockey players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness; 39 (3): 189-96, 1999.

Kreider RB, et al: Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 30 (1): 73-82, 1998.

McNaughton LR, et al: The effects of creatine supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance in elite performers. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol; 78 (3): 236-40, 1998.

Mihic S, et al: Acute creatine loading increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 32 (2): 291-6, 2000.

Mujika I, et al: Creatine supplementation does not improve sprint performance in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 28 (11): 1435-41, 1996.
Odland LM, et al: Effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle [PCr] and short-term maximum power output. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 29 (2): 216-9, 1997.

Prevost MC, et al: Creatine supplementation enhances intermittent work performance. Res Q Exerc Sport; 68 (3): 233-40, 1997.

Redondo DR, et al: The effect of oral creatine monohydrate supplementation on running velocity. Int J Sport Nutr; 6 (3): 213-21, 1996.

Rico-Sanz J, Mendo Marco MT: Creatine enhances oxygen uptake and performance during alternating intensity exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc; 32 (2): 379-85, 2000.

Rossiter HB, et al: The effect of oral creatine supplementation on the 1000-m performance of competitive rowers. J Sports Sci; 14 (2): 175-9, 1996.

Smith JC, et al: Effect of oral creatine ingestion on parameters of the work rate-time relationship and time to exhaustion in high-intensity cycling. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol; 77 (4): 360-5, 1998.

Stone MH, et al: Effects of in-season (5 weeks) creatine pyruvate supplementation on anaerobic performance and body composition in American football players. Int J Sport Nutr; 9 (2): 146-65, 1999.

Stout J, et al: Effect of creatine loading on neuromuscular fatigue threshold. J Appl Physiol; 88 (1): 109-12, 2000.

Terrillion KA, et al: The effect of creatine supplementation on two 700-m maximal running bouts. Int J Sport Nutr; 7 (2): 138-43, 1997.

Urbanski RL, et al: Creatine supplementation differentially affects maximal isometric strength and time to fatigue in large and small muscle groups. Int J Sport Nutr; 9 (2): 136-45, 1999.

Vandebuerie F, et al: Effect of creatine loading on endurance capacity and sprint power in cyclists. Int J Sports Med; 19 (7): 490-5, 1998.

Volek JS, et al: Creatine supplementation enhances muscular performance during high-intensity resistance exercise. J Am Diet Assoc; 97 (7): 765-70, 1997.

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Devil's Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens)


Bhattacharya A, Bhattacharya SK: Anti-oxidant activity of Harpagophytum procumbens (Devil's claw).
Br J Phytother; 5 (2): 68-71, 1998.


Blumenthal M, et al (eds.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. 1st ed: 120-1, ©1998 American Botanical Council.


Castleman M: Devil's claw relieves back pain. Herb Quarterly; 76: 8, 1997.


Chrubasik S, et al: Effectiveness of Harpagophytum extract WS 1531 in the treatment of exacerbation of low back pain: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Eur J Anaesthesiol; 16 (2): 118-29, 1999.


Devil's claw for arthritis. Health Counselor; 8 (1): 10-11, 1996.


Devil's claw, yucca, aloe vera and jojoba: Healers of the desert. Nutrition News; 11 (11): 1-4, 1979. 10.


Foster S, Tyler V: Tyler's Honest Herbal. A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related Remedies. 4th ed: 139-40, ©1999.


Kahler CP, et al: Anti-inflammatory properties of devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) compared to fluticasone. S African J Sci; 94 (9): 432-40, 1998.


Lanhers MC, et al: Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of an aqueous extract of Harpagophytum procumbens. Planta Med; 58 (2): 117-23, 1992.


Stannard L: Devil's claw: Therapeutic uses. Positive Health; 36: 27-8, 1999.


Tarleton Anne: Devil's claw for low back pain. HerbalGram; 41: 20-21, 1997.


Wegener T: [Therapy of degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system with South African devil's claw]. Wien Med Wochenschr; 149 (8-10): 254-7, 1999.


Whitehouse LW, et al: Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens): no evidence for anti-inflammatory activity in the treatment of arthritic disease. Can Med Assoc J; 129 (3): 249-51, 1983.

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DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid)

Andreassen AK, et al: Hypertension prophylaxis with omega-3 fatty acids in heart transplant recipients. J Am Coll Cardiol; 29 (6): 1324-31, 1997.

Carvajal O, Angulo O: Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipidic profile of healthy Mexican volunteers. Salud Publica Mex; 39 (3): 221-4, 1997.

Clark WF, et al: Omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Kidney Int; 36 (4): 653-60, 1989.

Davidson MH, et al: Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on serum lipoproteins in patients with combined hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Coll Nutr; 16 (3): 236-43, 1997.

Edwards R, et al: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in the diet and in red blood cell membranes of depressed patients. J Affect Disord; 48 (2-3): 149-55, 1998.

Friedberg CE, et al: Fish oil and glycemic control in diabetes. A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care; 21 (4): 494-500, 1998.

Hirafuji M, et al: Effect of docosahexanoic acid on smooth muscle cell functions. Life Sci; 62 (17-18): 1689-93, 1998.

Horrocks LA, Yeo YK: Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid. Pharmacol Res; 40 (3): 211-25, 1999.

Hula NM, et al: [Lipid composition and fertility of human ejaculate]. WMJ; 65 (4): 64-70, 1993.

Kimura S, et al: Ameliorative effects of docosahexaenoic acid on serum lipid changes in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol; 100 (1): 53-64, 1998.

Kremer JM, et al: Dietary fish oil and olive oil supplementation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clincial and immunologic effects. Arthritis Rheum; 33 (6): 810-20, 1990.

Kremer JM: n-3 fatty acid supplements in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Clin Nutr; 71 (1 suppl): 349s-51s, 2000.
Lau CS, et al: Effects of fish oil supplementation on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug requirement in patients with mild rheumatoid arthritis--a double-blind placebo controlled study. Br J Rheumatol; 32 (11): 982-9, 1993.

Martinez M, et al: [Treatment of generalized peroxisomal disorders with docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ether]. Rev Neurol; 28 (suppl 1): s59-64, 1999.

Martinez M, et al: Therapeutic effects of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester in patients with genrealized peroxisomal disorders. Am J Clin Nutr; 71 (1 suppl): 376s-85s, 2000.

Martinez M, Vazquez E: MRI evidence that docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester improves mycelination in generalized peroxisomal disorders. Neurology; 51 (1): 26-32, 1998.

McLennan P, et al: The cardiovascular protective role of docosahexaenoic acid. Eur J Pharmacol; 300 (1-2): 83-9, 1996.

Prisco D, et al: Effect of medium-type supplementation with a moderate dose of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood pressure in mild hypertensive patients. Thromb Res; 91 (3): 105-12, 1998.

Radack K, et al: The effects of low doses of n-3 fatty acids supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. A randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med; 151 (6): 1173-80, 1991.

Rivellese AA, et al: Long-term effects of fish oil on insulin resistance and plasma lipoproteins in NIDDM patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care; 19 (11): 1207-13, 1996.

Robinson DR, et al: Suppression of autoimmune disease by dietary n-3 fatty acids. J Lipid Res; 34 (8): 1435-44, 1993.

Simopoulos AP: Omega-3 fatty acids in health and disease and in growth and development. Am J Clin Nutr; 54 (3): 438-63, 1991.

Sovik O, et al: Generalized peroxisomal disorder in male twins: fatty acid composition of serum lipids and response to n-3 fatty acids. J Inherit Metab Dis; 21 (6): 662-70, 1998.

Toft I, et al: Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med; 123 (12): 911-8, 1995.

van der Tempel H, et al: Effects of fish oil supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis; 49 (2): 76-80, 1990.

Ziboh VA, et al: Effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil on neutrophil and epidermal fatty acids. Modulation of clinical course of psoriatic subjects. Arch Dermatol; 122 (11): 1277-82, 1986.

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Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)

Blumenthal M, et al (eds.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. 1st ed: 124, ©1998 American Botanical Council.

Culpeper N: The Complete Herbal and English Physician Enlarged, 1653.

Gray AM, et al: The traditional plant treatment, Sambucus nigra (elder), exhibits insulin-like and insulin-releasing actions in vitro. J Nutr; 130 (1): 15-20, 2000.

Grieve M: Elder. A Modern Herbal, 1931.

Kaack K, Austed T: Interaction of vitamin C and flavonoids in elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) during juice processing. Plant Foods Hum Nutr; 52 (3): 187-98, 1998.

Zakay-Rones Z, et al: Inhibition of several strains of influenza virus in vitro and reduction of symptoms by an elderberry extract (Sambucus nigra L.) during an outbreak of influenza B Panama. J Altern Complement Med; 1 (4): 361-9, 1995.

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EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid)

Astorga G, et al: [Activated rheumatoid arthritis: effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 oils. A controlled double-blind trial]. Rev Med Chil; 119 (3): 267-72, 1991.

Belluzzi A, et al: Effects of new fish oil derivative on fatty acid phospholipid-membrane pattern in a group of Crohn's disease patients. Dig Dis Sci; 39 (12): 2589-94, 1994.

Bohn KA, et al: [Effect on the lipid profile of diet supplemented with fish oil concentrate]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen; 110 (13): 1693-6, 1990.

Carvajal O, Angulo O: Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipidic profile of healthy Mexican volunteers. Salud Publica Mex; 39 (3): 221-4, 1997.

Clark WF, et al: Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Kidney Int; 36 (4): 653-60, 1989.

Danno K, Sugie N: Combination therapy with low-dose etretinate and eicosapentaenoic acid for psoriasis vulgaris. J Dermatol; 25 (11): 703-5, 1998.

Friedberg CE, et al: Fish oil and glycemic control in diabetes. A meta-analysis. Diabetes Care; 21 (4): 494-500, 1998.

Hillier K, et al: Incorporation of fatty acids from fish oil and olive oil into colonic mucosal lipids and effects upon eicosanoid synthesis in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut; 32 (10): 1151-5, 1991.

Kragballe K, Fogh K: A low-fat diet supplemented with dietary fish oil (Max-EPA) results in improvement of psoriasis and in formation of leukotriene B5. Acta Derm Venereol; 69 (1): 23-8, 1989.

Kremer JM, et al: Dietary fish oil and olive oil supplementation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical and immunologic effects. Arthritis Rheum; 33 (6): 810-20, 1990.

Kremer JM, et al: Fish-oil fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blinded, controlled, crossover study. Ann Intern Med; 106 (4): 497-503, 1987.

Kremer JM: n-3 fatty acid supplements in rheumatoid arthritis. Am J Clin Nutr; 71 (1 Suppl): 349s-51s, 2000.

Lassus A, et al: Effects of dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated ethyl ester lipids (Angiosan) in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. J Int Med Res; 18 (1): 68-73, 1990.

Lau CS, et al: Effects of fish oil supplementation on non-stereoidal anti-inflammatory drug requirement in patients with mild rheumatoid arthritis-- a double-blind placebo controlled study. Br J Rheumatol; 32 (11): 982-9, 1993.

Nozaki S, et al: Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on plasma lipoproteins in primary hypercholesterolemia. Int J Vitam Nutr Res; 62 (3): 256-60, 1992.

O'Morain CA: Does nutritional therapy in inflammatory bowel disease have a primary or an adjunctive role? Scand J Gastroenterol (Suppl); 172: 29-34, 1990.

O'Morain CA: Nutritional therapy in ambulatory patients. Dig Dis Sci; 32 (12 Suppl): 95s-99s, 1987.

Passfall J, et al: Different effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and olive oil on blood pressure, intracellular free platelet calcium, and plasma lipids in patients with essential hypertension. Clin Investig; 71 (8): 628-33, 1993.

Prickett JD, et al: A diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses autoimmune nephritis in female (NZB x NZW) F1 mice. Trans Assoc Am Physicians; 95: 145-54, 1982.

Prisco D, et al: Effect of medium-term supplementation with a moderate dose of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on blood pressure in mild hypertensive patients. Thromb Res; 91 (3): 105-12, 1998.

Radack K, et al: The effects of low doses of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. A randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med; 151 (6): 1173-80, 1991.

Rivellese AA, et al: Long-term effects of fish oil on insulin resistance and plasma lipoproteins in NIDDM patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care; 19 (11): 1207-13, 1996.

Steiner A, et al: Effect of fish oil on blood pressure and serum lipids in hypertension and hyperlipidemia. J Hypertens (Suppl); 7 (3): s73-6, 1989.

Toft I, et al: Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med; 123 (12): 911-8, 1995.

van der Tempel H, et al: Effects of fish oil supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis; 49 (2): 76-80, 1990.

Volker D, et al: Efficacy of fish oil concentrate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol; 27 (10): 2343-6, 2000.

Walton AJ, et al: Dietary fish oil and the severity of symptoms in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis; 50 (7): 463-6, 1991.

Yosefy C, et al: The effect of fish oil on hypertension, plasma lipids and hemostasis in hypertensive, obese, dyslipidemic patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids; 61 (2): 83-7, 1999.

Ziboh VA, et al: Effects of dietary supplementation of fish oil on neutrophil and epidermal fatty acids. Modulation of clinical course of psoriatic subjects. Arch Dermatol; 122 (11): 1277-82, 1986.

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Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium)

Culpeper N: The Complete Herbal and English Physician Enlarged, 1653.

Hausen BM: [Occupational contact allergy to feverfew Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Schultz-Bip.; Asteraceae]. Derm Beruf Umwelt; 29 (1): 18-21, 1981.

Johnson ES, et al: Efficacy of feverfew as prophylactic treatment of migraine. British Med J; 291: 569-73, 1985.

Kowalchik C, Hylton WH, eds: Rodales Illustrated Encyclopedia of Herbs; p192-3, ©1987 Rodale Press, Inc.

Loesche W, et al: Effects of an extract of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) on arachidonic acid metabolism in human blood platelets. Biomed Biochim Acta; 47 (10-11): s241-3, 1988.

Makheja AN, Bailey JM: A platelet phospholipase inhibitor from the medicinal herb feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium). Prostaglandins Leukot Med; 8 (6): 653-60, 1982.

Murphy JJ, et al: Randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial of feverfew in migraine prevention. The Lancet; 2 (8604): 189-92, 1988.

Palevitch D, Earon G, Carasso R: Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium) as a prophylactic treatment for migraine: A double-blind placebo-controlled study. Phytotherapy Res; 11: 508-11, 1997.

PDR® for Herbal Medicines; 1171-3, ©1998, Medical Economics Co.

Prusinski A, et al: [Feverfew as a prophylactic treatment of migraine]. Neurol Neurochir Pol; 33 (Suppl 5): 89-95, 1999.

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Flaxseed Oil

Allman MA, Pena MM, Pang D: Supplementation with flaxseed oil versus sunflowerseed oil in healthy young men consuming a low fat diet: effects on platelet composition and function. Eur J Clin Nutr; 49 (3): 169-78, 1995.

Bourgnoux P, Koscielny S, et al: Alpha-linolenic acid content of adipose breast tissue: a host determinant of the risk of early metastasis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer; 70 (2): 330-34, 1994.

Chan JK, Bruce VM, McDonald BE: Dietary alpha-linolenic acid is as effective as oleic acid in lowering blood cholesterol in normolipidemic men. Am J Clin Nutrition; 53 (5): 1230-4, 1991.

Cunnane SC, Ganguli S, et al: High alpha-linolenic acid flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum): some nutritional properties in humans. Br J Nutrition; 69 (2): 443-53, 1993.

Fritsche KL, Johnston PV: Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on growth, metastasis, fatty acid profile and prostaglandin production of two murine mammary adenocarcinomas. J Nutr; 120 (12): 1601-9, 1990.

Galland L: Increased requirements for essential fatty acids in atopic individuals: a review with clinical descriptions. J Am Coll Nutr; 5 (2): 213-28, 1986.

Grignani G, Zucchella M, et al: [Levels of different metabolites of arachidonic acid in synovial fluid of patients with arthrosis or rheumatoid arthritis]. Minerva Med; 87(3): 75-79, 1996.

Kremer JM, Jubiz W, et al: Fish oil fatty acid supplementation in active rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blind, controlled, crossover study. Ann Internal Medicine; 106 (4): 497-503, 1987.

Liwiecki S, Burton JL, Elles K, Horrobin DF: Levels of essential and other fatty acids in plasma and red cell phospholipids from normal controls and patients with atopic eczema. Acta Derm Venereol; 71 (3): 224-8, 1991.

Reuter W, Voigt H, et al: [Long-term oil therapy in elderly patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease]. ZFA; 40 (3): 171-5, 1985.

Shapiro JA, Koepsell TD, et al: Diet and rheumatoid arthritis in women: a possible protective effect for fish consumption. Epidemiology; 7 (3): 256-63, 1996.

Simopoulos AP: Essential fatty acids in health and chronic disease. Am J Clin Nutr; 70 (3 suppl): 560s-569s, 1999.

Singer P, Jaeger W, et al: Effects of dietary oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins and the formation of eicosanoid precursors in patients with mild essential hypertension. J Hum Hypertension; 4 (3): 227-33, 1990.

Thompson LU, Rickard SE, et al: Flaxseed and its lignan and oil components reduce mammary tumor growth at a late stage of carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis; 17 (6): 1373-6, 1996.

Valquist C, Berne B, et al: The fatty-acid spectrum in plasma and adipose tissue in patients with psoriasis. Arch Dermatol Res; 278 (2): 114-9, 1985.

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Folic Acid (Folate)

Anderson JH, Kerr DJ, Setanoians A, Cooke TG, McArdle CS: A pharmocokinetic comparison of intravenous versus intra-arterial folinic acid. British J Cancer; 65 (1): 133-5, 1992.

Barone C, Astone A, et al: High-dose folinic acid (HDFA) combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in first line chemotherapy of advanced large bowel cancer. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol; 23 (9): 1303-6, 1987.


Benito E, Stiggelbout A, et al: Nutritional factors in colorectal cancer: a case-control study in Majorca. Int J Cancer; 49 (2): 161-7, 1991.

Bonstrup A, Hages M, Prinz-Langenohl R, Pietrzik K: Effects of folic acid and combinations of folic acid and vitamin B-12 on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy, young women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 69 (5): 1104-10, 1998.

Brattstrom L, Lindgren A, et al: Hyperhomocysteinaemia in stroke: prevalence cause and relationships to type of stroke and stroke risk factors. Eur J Clin Invest; 22 (3): 214-21, 1992.

Clarke R, Smith AD, et al: Folate, vitamin B-12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol; 55 (11): 1449-55, 1998.

Di Costanzo F, Bartolucci R, Padialino D, Brugia M, Buzzi F: High-dose folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil in advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Invest; 6 (2): 133-8, 1988.

Erlichman C, Fine S, Wong A, Elhakim T: A randomized trial of fluorouracil and folinic acid in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Oncology; 6 (3): 469-75, 1988.

Freudenheim JL, Graham S, et al: Folate intake and carcinogenesis of the colon and rectum. Int J Epidemiology; 20 (2): 368-74, 1991.

Israelsson B, Brattstrom LE, Hultberg BL: Homocysteine and myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis; 71 (2-3): 227-33, 1988.

James SJ, Pogribna M, et al: Abnormal folate metabolism and mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene may be maternal risk factors for Down syndrome. American J Clin Nutrition; 70 (4): 495-501, 1999.

Murray M: Encyclopedia of Nutritional Supplements: The Essential Guide for Improving Your Health Naturally: 119-126, 1996.

Potischman N, Brinton LA, et al: A case-control study of serum folate levels and invasive cervical cancer. Cancer Res; 51 (18): 4785-9, 1991.

Potischman N: Nutritional epidemiology of cervical neoplasia. J Nutrition; 123 (2 suppl): 424-9, 1993.

Recommendations for the use of folic acid to reduce the number of spina bifida cases and other neural tube defects. JAMA; 269 (10): 1233-1238, 1993.

Selhub J, Jaques PF, et al: Relationship between plasma homocysteine, vitamin status, and extracranial carotid artery stenosis in the Framingham Study population. J Nutrition; 126 (4 suppl): 1258s-65s, 1996.

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Wong WY, Eskes TK, et al: Nonsyndromic orofacial clefts: association with maternal homocysteinemia. Teratology; 60 (5): 253-2547, 1999.

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Fo-Ti (Polygonum multiflorum)

Chen Y, et al: 2,2-Diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging active components from Polygonum multiflorum thunb. J Agric Food Chem; 47 (6): 2226-8, 1999.

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Hong CY, et al: Astragalus membranaceus and Polygonum multiflorum protect rat heart mitochondria against lipid peroxidation. Am J Chin Med; 22 (1): 63-70, 1994.

Hsu HY, et al: Oriental Materia Medica. A Concise Guide: 547-8, Keats Publishing, ©1986.

Tierra M: The Way of Herbs; 274-5, 1990.

Yim TK, et al: Myocardial protection aginst ischaemia-reperfusion injury by a Polygonum multiflorum extract supplemented 'Dang-Gui decoction for enriching blood', a compound formulation, ex vivo. Phytother Res; 14 (3): 195-9, 2000.

Yim TK, et al: Myocardial protective effect of an anthraquinone-containing extract of Polygonum multiflorum ex vivo. Planta Med; 64 (7): 607-11, 1998.

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Ginger (Zingiber officinale)

Ahmed RS, et al: Influence of dietary ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) on oxidative stress induced by malathion in rats. Food Chem Toxicol; 38 (5): 443-50, 2000.

Aikins Murphy P: Alternative therapies for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol; 91 (1): 149-55, 1998.

Arfeen Z, et al: A double-blind randomized controlled trial of ginger for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anaesth Intensive Care; 23 (4): 449-52, 1995.

Bhandari U, et al: The protective effect of ethanolic ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract in cholesterol fed rabbits. J Ethnopharmacol; 61 (2): 167-71, 1998.

Blumenthal M, et al (eds.): The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. 1st ed: 135-36, ©1998 American Botanical Council.

Bone ME, et al: Ginger root--a new antiemetic. The effect of ginger root on postoperative nausea and vomiting after major gynaecological surgery. Anaesthesia; 45 (8): 669-71, 1990.

Ernst E, Pittler H: Efficacy of ginger for nausea and vomiting: a systematic revue of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth; 84 (3): 367-71, 2000.

Fuhrman B, et al: Ginger extract consumption reduces plasma cholesterol, inhibits LDL oxidation and attenuates development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Nutr; 130 (5): 1124-31, 2000.

Grontved A, et al: Ginger root against seasickness. A controlled trial on the open sea. Acta Otolaryngol; 105 (1-2): 45-9, 1988.

Guh JH, et al: Antiplatelet effect of gingerol isolated from Zingiber officanale. J Pharm Pharmacol; 47 (4): 329-32, 1995.

Hsu HY, et al: Oriental Materia Medica. A Concise Guide; 64-5, ©1986.

Jewell D, Young G: Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000; (2): CD000145, 2000.

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Phillips S, et al: Zingiber officinale (ginger)--an antiemetic for day case surgery. Anaesthesia; 48 (8): 715-7, 1993.

Srivastava KC: Aqueous extracts of onion, garlic and ginger inhibit platelet aggregation and alter arachidonic acid metabolism. Biomed Biochim Acta; 43 (8-9): s335-46, 1984.

Srivastava KC: Effects of aqueous extracts of onion, garlic and ginger on platelet aggregation and metabolism of arachidonic acid in the blood vascular system: in vitro study. Prostaglandins Leukot Med; 13 (2): 227-35, 1984.

Verma SK, et al: Effect of ginger on platelet aggregation in man. Indian J Med Res,; 98: 240-2, 1993.

Visalyaputra S, et al: The efficacy of ginger root in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after outpatient gynaecological laparoscopy. Anaesthesia; 53 (5): 506-10, 1998.

Yamahara J, et al: [Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of Zingiber officinale Roscoe cultivated in Taiwan. The absolute stereostructure of a new diaryheptanoid]. Yakugaku Zasshi; 112 (9): 645-55, 1992.

Yoshikawa M, et al: 6-Gingesulfonic acid, a new anti-ulcer principle, and gingerglycolipids A, B, and C, three new monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, from zingiberis rhizoma originating in Taiwan. Chem Pharm Bull; 40 (8): 2239-41, 1992

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Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgo biloba)

Bauer U: 6-month double-blind randomised clinical trial of Ginkgo biloba extract versus placebo in two parallel groups in patients suffering from peripheral arterial insufficiency. Arzneimittelforschung;